NCLEX Topics Infectious and Communicable Diseases

Here is a review of topics that we’ve covered http://www.nclexreviewonline.com/posting-plan-for-nclex-topics/

This topic is covered in detail in Saunders Chapter 48 (6^th edition)

Vaccinations

We all know that is important to know the vaccination schedule – since this changes from time to time the best source is the CDC.

https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/index.html

From this page, you can choose Birth to 18 (including catchup) and Adult.

Measles

Agent: Paramyxovirus
Incubation:10 to 20 days
Communicable:4 days to 5 days before the rash appears
Source: Respiratory, blood or urine
Transmission: Airborne, direct contact
More: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/966220-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/miscellaneous-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/measles

Roseola

Agent: Human herpesvirus type 6
Incubation: 5 to 15 days
Communicable: Unknown
Source: Unknown
Transmission: Unknown
More:
http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/miscellaneous-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/roseola-infantum

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1133023-overview

German Measles

Agent: Rubella virus
Incubation:14 to 21 days
Communicable: 7 days before to 5 days after rash appears
Source: Nasopharyngeal, blood, stool, urine
Transmission: Airborne, indirect (touching something that has been contaminated), transplacental
More:

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/immunization/measles,-mumps,-and-rubella-vaccine

Mumps

Agent: Paramyxovirus
Incubation: 14 to 21
Communicable: Immediately before and after parotid gland swelling begins
Source: Saliva and possibly urine of infected person
Transmission: Direct contact and droplet
More:

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/miscellaneous-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/mumps

http://reference.medscape.com/article/966678-overview

Chickenpox

Agent: Varoce;;a-zoster virus
Incubation: 13 to 17 days
Communicable: one to two days before the onset of rash to 6 days after the first vesicles.
Source: Respiratory tract, skin lesions
Transmission: Direct, droplet, contaminated objects
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1131785-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/herpesviruses/chickenpox

Whooping Cough / Pertussis

Agent: Bordetella pertussis
Incubation: 5 to 21 days / usually 10
Communicable: Greatest when resp. secretions occur
Source: Resp.
Transmission: Direct contact droplet or indirect contact
More:

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-negative-bacilli/pertussis

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/967268-overview

Diphtheria

Agent: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Incubation: 2 to 5 days
Communicable: usually 2 weeks but can be 4 weeks
Source: Discharge from nose, skin, lesions
Transmission: Direct contact with person or contaminated articles
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/782051-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/gram-positive-bacilli/diphtheria

Poliomyelitis

Agent: Enteroviruses
Incubation: 7 to 14 days
Communicable: Unknown
Source: Oropharyngeal and Feces
Transmission: Direct contact
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1259213-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/enteroviruses/poliomyelitis

Scarlet Fever

Agent: Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
Incubation: 1 to 7 days
Communicable: 10 days during incubation, first 2 weeks of carrier stage
Source: Nasopharyngeal
Transmission: Direct contact, ingestion of contaminated milk or other foods
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1053253-overview

Fifth Disease

Agent: Human parovirus B19
Incubation: 4 to 14 days (up to 20)
Communicable: Uncertain
Source: Infected person
Transmission: unknown (possible resp. / blood)
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1132078-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/miscellaneous-viral-infections-in-infants-and-children/erythema-infectiosum

Infectious Mononucleosis

Agent: Epstein Barr Virus
Incubation: 4 to 6 weeks
Communicable: unknown
Source: Oral secretions
Transmission: Direct intimate contact
More:

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/herpesviruses/infectious-mononucleosis

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/222040-overview

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Agent: Rickettsia rickettsii
Incubation: 2 to 14 days
Source: Tick from a mammal.
Transmission: Bite of a tick
More:

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/228042-overview

http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/rickettsiae-and-related-organisms/rocky-mountain-spotted-fever-rmsf

Study Aids –

https://quizlet.com/69762741/pediatric-nursing-communicable-disease-flash-cards/